更新客户端渲染，更新了壳
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# Cross-Cutting Concern: Testing
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**Project**: WPF UI (wpfui) v4.2.0
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**Last Updated**: 2026-02-10
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## Overview
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WPF UI employs a two-tier testing strategy consisting of unit tests for isolated logic verification and integration tests for end-to-end UI automation. The testing infrastructure is intentionally lightweight, reflecting the library's nature as a visual control library where many behaviors require a running WPF application to validate.
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## Test Pyramid
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```
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/ Integration Tests \ 8 tests
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/ (FlaUI + Gallery App) \ End-to-end UI automation
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/________________________\
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/ \
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/ Unit Tests \ 6 tests
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/ (XUnit + NSubstitute) \ Isolated logic, pure functions
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/________________________________\
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```
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| Layer | Scope | Framework | Assertion Library | Count |
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|-------|-------|-----------|-------------------|-------|
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| Unit Tests | Pure logic, extension methods, animation providers | XUnit 2.9.3 + NSubstitute 5.3.0 | `Xunit.Assert` | 6 |
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| Integration Tests | Window management, navigation, dialogs, title bar | XUnit v3 3.2.0 + FlaUI.UIA3 5.0.0 | AwesomeAssertions 9.3.0 | 8 |
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## Test Framework Versions
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All versions are managed centrally in `Directory.Packages.props`:
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| Package | Version | Purpose |
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|---------|---------|---------|
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| `xunit` | 2.9.3 | Unit test framework (v2-style API) |
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| `xunit.v3` | 3.2.0 | Integration test framework (v3 with `IAsyncLifetime`) |
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| `xunit.runner.visualstudio` | 3.1.5 | Visual Studio / `dotnet test` runner |
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| `Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk` | 18.0.0 | .NET test SDK infrastructure |
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| `NSubstitute` | 5.3.0 | Mocking library for unit tests |
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| `AwesomeAssertions` | 9.3.0 | Fluent assertions (FluentAssertions successor) |
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| `FlaUI.Core` | 5.0.0 | UI automation core library |
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| `FlaUI.UIA3` | 5.0.0 | UIA3 automation adapter |
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| `coverlet.collector` | 6.0.4 | Code coverage collection |
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## Test Naming Conventions
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### Unit Tests
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Pattern: `MethodName_ExpectedResult_WhenCondition`
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```csharp
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[Fact]
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public void ApplyTransition_ReturnsFalse_WhenDurationIsLessThan10()
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```
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Alternative pattern: `GivenX_Method_ExpectedResult`
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```csharp
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[Fact]
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public void GivenAllRegularSymbols_Swap_ReturnsValidFilledSymbol()
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```
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### Integration Tests
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Pattern: `Subject_ShouldExpectedBehavior_WhenCondition`
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```csharp
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[Fact]
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public async Task CloseButton_ShouldCloseWindow_WhenClicked()
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```
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### Class Naming
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- Unit test classes: `{ClassUnderTest}Tests` (e.g., `TransitionAnimationProviderTests`)
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- Integration test classes: `{Feature}Tests` (e.g., `TitleBarTests`, `NavigationTests`)
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- Integration test classes are `sealed`; unit test classes are not
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## Test Directory Structure
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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A["tests/"] --> B["Wpf.Ui.UnitTests/"]
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A --> C["Wpf.Ui.Gallery.IntegrationTests/"]
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B --> B1["Wpf.Ui.UnitTests.csproj<br/><i>net10.0-windows</i>"]
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B --> B2["Animations/"]
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B --> B3["Extensions/"]
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B --> B4["GlobalUsings.cs"]
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B2 --> B2a["TransitionAnimationProviderTests.cs"]
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B3 --> B3a["SymbolExtensionsTests.cs"]
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C --> C1["Wpf.Ui.Gallery.IntegrationTests.csproj<br/><i>net10.0-windows10.0.26100.0</i>"]
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C --> C2["Fixtures/"]
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C --> C3["WindowTests.cs"]
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C --> C4["TitleBarTests.cs"]
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C --> C5["NavigationTests.cs"]
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C --> C6["ContentDialogAutomationTests.cs"]
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C --> C7["xunit.runner.json"]
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C2 --> C2a["UiTest.cs <i>(base class)</i>"]
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C2 --> C2b["TestedApplication.cs <i>(app lifecycle)</i>"]
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D["src/Wpf.Ui.FlaUI/"] --> D1["AutoSuggestBox.cs<br/><i>Custom FlaUI element</i>"]
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style A fill:#f5f5f5,stroke:#333
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style B fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#1565c0
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style C fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#2e7d32
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style D fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#e65100
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```
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## Test Infrastructure
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### Unit Tests
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Unit tests reference the core `Wpf.Ui` project directly and use NSubstitute for mocking WPF types (e.g., `UIElement`). Global usings are defined for common namespaces:
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```
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System, System.Windows, NSubstitute, Xunit
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```
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_Source: `tests/Wpf.Ui.UnitTests/GlobalUsings.cs`_
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### Integration Tests
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Integration tests use a custom infrastructure built on FlaUI:
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- **`TestedApplication`** (`IAsyncLifetime`): Launches and manages the Gallery `.exe` process. Finds the executable in the test output directory. Uses `UIA3Automation` for UI element discovery.
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- **`UiTest`** (abstract base class, `IAsyncLifetime`): Provides helper methods for all UI tests:
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- `FindFirst(string automationId)` -- finds UI elements by automation ID
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- `FindFirst(Func<ConditionFactory, ConditionBase>)` -- finds by condition
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- `Wait(int seconds)` -- async delay for UI settling
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- `Enter(string value)` -- simulates keyboard text input
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- `Press(VirtualKeyShort)` -- simulates a key press
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### Integration Test Runner Configuration
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Tests run sequentially (no parallel test collections) with invariant culture:
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```json
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{
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"parallelizeTestCollections": false,
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"diagnosticMessages": true,
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"culture": "invariant"
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}
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```
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_Source: `tests/Wpf.Ui.Gallery.IntegrationTests/xunit.runner.json`_
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## Run Commands
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```bash
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# Run unit tests
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dotnet test tests/Wpf.Ui.UnitTests/Wpf.Ui.UnitTests.csproj
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# Run integration tests (requires built Gallery app)
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dotnet test tests/Wpf.Ui.Gallery.IntegrationTests/Wpf.Ui.Gallery.IntegrationTests.csproj
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# Run all tests with coverage
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dotnet test tests/Wpf.Ui.UnitTests/Wpf.Ui.UnitTests.csproj --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage"
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```
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## Coverage Gaps and Observations
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| Area | Current Coverage | Notes |
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|------|-----------------|-------|
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| Animations | 2 unit tests | `TransitionAnimationProvider` edge cases only |
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| Extensions | 4 unit tests | `SymbolExtensions.Swap()` and `GetString()` exhaustive enum tests |
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| Controls (77+) | 0 unit tests | Controls depend on WPF runtime; consider UI automation expansion |
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| Services | 0 unit tests | `INavigationService`, `IContentDialogService`, etc. are testable via mocks |
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| Theming | 0 tests | Static managers (`ApplicationThemeManager`) limit testability |
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| Win32 Interop | 0 tests | Requires OS-level interaction; integration tests more appropriate |
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| Window Chrome | 3 integration tests | TitleBar close/minimize/maximize buttons |
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| Navigation | 2 integration tests | AutoSuggestBox search and sidebar navigation |
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| Dialogs | 2 integration tests | ContentDialog result text and keyboard focus isolation |
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| Window | 1 integration test | Window title verification |
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## CI/CD Integration
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The PR validation workflow (`.github/workflows/wpf-ui-pr-validator.yaml`) currently only builds the Gallery app in Release mode. It does **not** run unit or integration tests as part of PR checks. Test execution is a local development responsibility.
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